so, it seems that we have to "come back" to iso8859-1 previously to use safely "string functions"

I don't know what you mean by this.

You decode on input, and encode on output. Leave it decoded for the duration of your program. Unless you're working with binary file formats, you shouldn't have to call encode or decode. Just using an appropriate :encoding when opening files should take care of text files.

In reply to Re^3: function length() in UTF-8 context by ikegami
in thread function length() in UTF-8 context by didess

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