s/(\d+)$/my $y = $1; ++$y/e

##</code><code>##

$ perl -Mstrict -Mwarnings -E '
    my $x = q{EVO:0000023};
    $x =~ s/(\d+)$/my $y = $1; ++$y/e;
    say $x
'
EVO:0000024

##</code><code>##

$ perl -Mstrict -Mwarnings -E '
    my $x = q{EVO:0000099};
    $x =~ s/(\d+)$/my $y = $1; ++$y/e;
    say $x
'
EVO:0000100