I've mentioned using the Curses library in another reply. With a bit of reading docs and playing around (and, i admit, asking ChatGPT for some extra help), i have come up with this:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Curses;

my $CENTERIMAGE = 0;

# ASCII art to display
my $art = <<'ASCII_ART';
  _______
 /       \
|         |
|         |
 \_______/
ASCII_ART

# Initialize Curses
initscr();   # Initialize screen / Start curses mode
noecho();    # Don't echo (display) characters typed by the user
cbreak();    # Line buffering disabled, Pass on
keypad(1);   # It enables the reading of function keys like F1, F2, ar
+row keys etc.
curs_set(0); # Hide the active cursor

# Get terminal dimensions
my $rows;
my $cols;
getmaxyx(stdscr(), $rows, $cols);

# Calculate the center position for displaying the ASCII art
my @parts = split/\n/, $art;
my $linecount = scalar @parts;
my $rowcount = 0;
foreach my $part (@parts) {
    if(length($part) > $rowcount) {
        $rowcount = length($part);
    }
}

my ($xoffs, $yoffs);
if($CENTERIMAGE) {
    # Center
    $xoffs = int(($cols - $rowcount) / 2);
    $yoffs = int(($rows - $linecount) / 2);
} else {
    # Lower right
    $xoffs = int(($cols - $rowcount));
    $yoffs = int(($rows - $linecount));
}

clear(); # Clear the screen

# Display the ASCII art
for(my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
    move($yoffs + $i, $xoffs);
    addstr($parts[$i]);
}

refresh(); # Refresh the screen (e.g. actually put what we have drawn 
+into the terminal)
getch();   # Wait for a keypress
endwin();  # Exit curses mode
[download]

At least the terminals i had quick access too (xfce4-terminal, xterm, bash in screen in xterm, the basic linux shell that starts before loading X11), this seems to work quite well.

If you need something a bit more sophisticated that just putting characters on the screen, Curses::UI comes with all kinds of input fields, textmode-windows, mouse support etc...

Of course, printing ASCII art monochrome so boooring. Thankfully, someone invented colors in the 1990's. Here's the color version:

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use Curses;
use Carp;

my $TRANSPARENCY = 0;

# ASCII art to display
my $art = <<'ASCII_ART';
  _______
 /       \
|         |
|         |
 \_______/
ASCII_ART

# Initialize Curses
initscr();   # Initialize screen / Start curses mode
if(!has_colors()) {
    endwin();
    croak("Your boring terminal has no color support!");
}

noecho();      # Don't echo (display) characters typed by the user
cbreak();      # Line buffering disabled, Pass on
keypad(1);     # It enables the reading of function keys like F1, F2, 
+arrow keys etc.
curs_set(0);   # Hide the active cursor
start_color(); # Color mode ON!!!!

# Get terminal dimensions
my $rows;
my $cols;
getmaxyx(stdscr(), $rows, $cols);

# Calculate the center position for displaying the ASCII art
my @parts = split/\n/, $art;
my $linecount = scalar @parts;
my $rowcount = 0;
foreach my $part (@parts) {
    if(length($part) > $rowcount) {
        $rowcount = length($part);
    }
}

# Generate the color pairs
my @colors = (COLOR_RED, COLOR_GREEN, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_BLUE, COLOR_
+MAGENTA, COLOR_CYAN, COLOR_WHITE);
my $cnum = 1;
my @colorpairs;
foreach my $color (@colors) {
    init_pair($cnum, $color, COLOR_BLACK);
    push @colorpairs, COLOR_PAIR($cnum);
    $cnum++;
}

clear(); # Clear the screen

# Display the ASCII art

my ($xoffs, $yoffs) = (0,0);
foreach my $colorpair (@colorpairs) {
    attron($colorpair);
    for(my $i = 0; $i < $linecount; $i++) {
        if(!$TRANSPARENCY) {
            # No transparency, can print the whole line
            addstr($yoffs + $i, $xoffs, $parts[$i]);
        } else {
            # Only print non-space characters
            my @chars = split//, $parts[$i];
            my $coloffs = 0;
            foreach my $char (@chars) {
                if($char ne ' ') {
                    addstr($yoffs + $i, $xoffs + $coloffs, $char);
                }
                $coloffs++;
            }
        }
    }
    attroff($colorpair);
    $xoffs += 2;
    $yoffs += 3;
}

refresh(); # Refresh the screen (e.g. actually put what we have drawn 
+into the terminal)
getch();   # Wait for a keypress
endwin();  # Exit curses mode
[download]

Edit: With a bit of playing around, it should be possible to display low res color images in the text console as well. If you're interested, i would give it a go.