That should indeed generate syntax errors because perl is not a valid function name in Perl. You can't just type random shell commands into perl and expect it to process them like your shell would - they are completely different systems.

#!/usr/bin/perl -n
use strict;
use warnings;

chomp;
printf "%sUF,A,Y,9,U\n", $_;
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See perlrun for how to use flags like -n and perlfunc for a list of all the functions available. Note that I've made no attempt to optimise your algorithm here.