Hello,

1. I don't know if it is possible with dbmopen/dbmclose because I hardly use this

2. Yes, you can:

foreach my $key (keys %hash){
  print "$key => $hash{$key}\n";
}
# or shorter:
foreach (keys %hash){
  print "$_ => $hash{$_}\n";
}
[download]

or in a different way:

while ( my ($key, $value) = each (%hash)){
  print "$key => $value\n";
}
[download]

shift, unshift, push or pop don't work with hashes; just add a hashelement with a new key, and it is about unshift or push:  $hash{newKey} = 'newValue';

3. get all keys with  my @keys = keys %hash; and choose which one you want... e.g. with: my $firstKey = ( keys %hash)[0];
Beware that hashes are not sorted, so getting the first key might not be exactly what you want. Or do you work with Tie::Hash?

Best regards,
perl -le "s==*F=e=>y~\*martinF~stronat~=>s~[^\w]~~g=>chop,print"