Your need to work around whitespace is a Perl speciality. This looks like a
C programmer's way to attempt the search; free your mind and embrace the Perl way:
Instead of index, use grep. The \s characters will accept any kind of whitespace, be it space character or tab, etc.
This is the change I'd recommend:
OLD: $substr = " 1 ";
NEW: $substr = '1';
my $regex = quotemeta $substr;
OLD: if (index($key, $substr) != -1) {print "\nExist";}
NEW: if (grep /\s$regex\s/, " $key ") {print "\nExist";}
Update: In order to ensure a leading or trailing '1' is captured, the grep was modified to include forced whitespace around $key.
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