I'm not sure that what you described above is the best solution to your problem, but this will take the message and shove the words into an array:
@words = split /\s+/, <DATA>
print join "\n", @words, "";
__DATA__
How are you?
That prints:
How
are
you?
Note that the last word contains punctuation. To remove punctuation, change the first line to:
map { s/[\?\.\!]*//g; } (@words = split /\s+/, <DATA>);
Update: Added bit about punctuation.
Update 2: Without a more thorough description or code to look at, a better solution might be to just replace common abbreviations with the full word. For example:
$msg =~ s/\bu\b/you/g; # Replace "u" with "you"
$msg =~ s/\br\b/are/g; # Replace "r" with "are"
...
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