My last attempt was:
split "\\|", $str;
which generated the result I was after.
This is known as the "lisp syntax" for regular
expressions. The reason it's called that is because
in lisp, there is no dedicated quoting mechanism for
regular expressions, and so they have to be given in
code as quoted strings. Any lisp manual will explain
why the double-backslashing of everything is
necessary.
Perl does provide dedicated
quoting constructs for regular expressions, and your
regular expressions will be much easier to read and
maintain if you use them, rather than giving your
regular expressions in lisp syntax using regular
double-quoted strings.
"In adjectives, with the addition of inflectional endings, a changeable long vowel (Qamets or Tsere) in an open, propretonic syllable will reduce to Vocal Shewa. This type of change occurs when the open, pretonic syllable of the masculine singular adjective becomes propretonic with the addition of inflectional endings."
— Pratico & Van Pelt, BBHG, p68
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