Here is my quick stab at this in perl. It seems convenient to use the highest two bits in the first byte as a count. Of course this probably isn't super fast.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use warnings;
use strict;
sub conv_stream
{
my ($stream_ref) = @_;
my $first = shift @$stream_ref;
my $count = ( vec $first, 3, 2 ) || 1;
# edit: I was using unpack and oct above
# edit: No need to overwrite the "count" if first bits are 00 or 0
+1
if ( $count > 1 ) { ( vec $first, 3, 2 ) = 0; }
my $next = join q{}, splice @$stream_ref, 0, ($count-1);
my $pad = (chr 0) x (4-$count);
return unpack 'N', $pad . $first . $next;
}
# I'm not quite sure I have the right bit ordering...
my @stream = map { pack 'B8', $_ }
( '01010101', # 85
'10101010', '10101010', # 10922
'11001100', '11001100', '11001100' ); # 838860
print conv_stream( \@stream ), "\n" while ( @stream );
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