Part of what makes Perl such a useful language is its powerful string-matching and handling capabilities. Regular expressions are basically patterns a programmer can compare a string of text to. Matching a regular expression with a string of text either returns true or false. The two main pattern matching operators are m// and s//. These are the matching and substitution operators respectively. Another function that makes use of regular expressions is split The matching operator m// is normally written //. Perl allows you to change the delimiters to something besides /. If you don't change the delimiters from /, you can use // instead of m//. Now for a quick example of m//: 
while(<>){
   if(/the/){    #does $_ contain the
      print "Your line of text contains the word 'the'\n";
   }
}

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Now for a quick example of s///:
@machines_os=("OpenBSD","Windows","Linux", "Windows");
foreach(@machines_os){
   s/Windows/Linux/;
}

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This function goes through each of the items in @machine_os. If any of them contain Windows, the thing between the first set of //. It is replaced with Linux the string between the second and third /'s. You can see why you've gotta love Perl. Instead of 1 OpenBSD machine, 2 Windows machines and a Linux box, I now have 1 OpenBSD box and 3 Linux machines. At least that is what @machines_os now contains.

Now on to Quantifiers in regular expressions.

In reply to String matching and Regular Expressions by root

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