You want a postcondition loop.

my $input;

do {
    print "Please enter a number in the range 1 .. 10: ";
    chomp( $input = <STDIN> );
} until ( $input !~ /\D/ ) and ( $input >= 1 ) and ( $input <= 10 );
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Perl treats the do {} while $cond construct specially — all other loops in Perl are precondition loops, that is, they check their condition before the body is executed. A do {} while $cond checks its condition after the body is executed. Hence the terms pre- and postcondition.