in reply to Hash equivalent of wantarray?

The situation you refer to has no context of its own -- it is merely list context. To that end, you must call gParam() in scalar context: formval1 => scalar(gParam("formval1")).

Jeff japhy Pinyan, P.L., P.M., P.O.D, X.S.: Perl, regex, and perl hacker
How can we ever be the sold short or the cheated, we who for every service have long ago been overpaid? ~~ Meister Eckhart