Now lets say there are 3 classrooms: named classroom1, classroom2, classroom3 as well as classroomIDs 10,11,12, These mean the same thing.

These terms are exactly equivalent.
Since these terms mean the same, we can “normalize” these terms to be the same text (classroom2 means number 11)

my $student = ( studentName => 'John', studentSurname=>'Something', studentID=>'9534', age=>'12', Class=>10 );

It would also be “ok” in an Excel spreadsheet to have: array like this:
”John”,”Something”,”9534”,”12”,”10”

A Perl Array of Hash is close to a C "Array of Struct" or even an Excel "line" when properly spaced although that might not be so apparent to many. There is sure to be some fancy translations between BIO101, Class VV, etc that will/can be done in an SQL database.