BUILTIN(1) FreeBSD General Commands Manual BU
+ILTIN(1)
NAME
builtin, !, %, ., :, @, [, {, }, alias, alloc, bg, bind, bindkey,
+ break,
breaksw, builtins, case, cd, chdir, command, complete, continue,
+default,
dirs, do, done, echo, echotc, elif, else, end, endif, endsw, esac
+, eval,
exec, exit, export, false, fc, fg, filetest, fi, for, foreach, ge
+topts,
glob, goto, hash, hashstat, history, hup, if, jobid, jobs, kill,
+limit,
local, log, login, logout, ls-F, nice, nohup, notify, onintr, pop
+d,
printenv, pushd, pwd, read, readonly, rehash, repeat, return, sch
+ed, set,
setenv, settc, setty, setvar, shift, source, stop, suspend, switc
+h,
telltc, test, then, time, times, trap, true, type, ulimit, umask,
unalias, uncomplete, unhash, unlimit, unset, unsetenv, until, wai
+t,
where, which, while -- shell built-in commands
SYNOPSIS
See the built-in command description in the appropriate shell man
+ual
page.
DESCRIPTION
Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within t
+he run-
ning shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin c
+ommands,
the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any compone
+nt of a
pipeline except the last.
If a command specified to the shell contains a slash `/', the she
+ll will
not execute a builtin command, even if the last component of the
+speci-
fied command matches the name of a builtin command. Thus, while
+specify-
ing ``echo'' causes a builtin command to be executed under shells
+ that
support the echo builtin command, specifying ``/bin/echo'' or ``.
+/echo''
does not.
While some builtin commands may exist in more than one shell, the
+ir oper-
ation may be different under each shell which supports them. Bel
+ow is a
table which lists shell builtin commands, the standard shells tha
+t sup-
port them and whether they exist as standalone utilities.
Only builtin commands for the csh(1) and sh(1) shells are listed
+here.
Consult a shell's manual page for details on the operation its bu
+iltin
commands. Beware that the sh(1) manual page, at least, calls som
+e of
these commands ``built-in commands'' and some of them ``reserved
+words''.
Users of other shells may need to consult an info(1) page or othe
+r
sources of documentation.
Commands marked ``No**'' under External do exist externally, but
+are
implemented as scripts using a builtin command of the same name.
Command External csh(1) sh(1)
! No No Yes
% No Yes No
. No No Yes
: No Yes Yes
@ No Yes No
[ Yes No Yes
{ No No Yes
} No No Yes
...
So kindly point your -- more justly.
--Chris
#!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
use Perl::Always or die;
my $perl_version = (5.12.5);
print $perl_version;
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