I think this will do what you want (as per davido's suggestion):

use Modern::Perl qw /2014/;
use Data::Dump qw /dump/;

my @searchstrings = qw/trap hair dog I/;
my @found;

while (<DATA>) {
    while ( my ( $index, $search ) = each @searchstrings ) {
        push @{ $found[$index] }, [ $search, $., $_ ] if /$search/;
    }
}

say dump(@found);

__DATA__
Transformers robots in disguise
I whip my hair back and forth
I will catch a dog with a trap
[download]

Output:

(
  [["trap", 3, "I will catch a dog with a trap\n"]],
  [["hair", 2, "I whip my hair back and forth\n"]],
  [["dog", 3, "I will catch a dog with a trap\n"]],
  [
    ["I", 2, "I whip my hair back and forth\n"],
    ["I", 3, "I will catch a dog with a trap\n"],
  ],
)
[download]