I agree that the method hippo shows here is best, but another (also non-destructive) way to initialize a hash at declaration from a pair of arrays (of equal size) is:

c:\@Work\Perl\monks>perl -wMstrict -MData::Dump -le
"use List::MoreUtils qw(zip);
 ;;
 my @players = qw/ barney fred dino/;
 my @bowling_scores = (195, 205, 30);
 ;;
 my %score = zip @players, @bowling_scores;
 dd \%score;
"
{ barney => 195, dino => 30, fred => 205 }
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(Assumes initializing arrays are of equal size!) See List::MoreUtils::zip().