You've got plenty of Perl 5 answers, let me add a Perl 6 one: 
pugs> my @nums = 1, 2, 4, 5, 0, 8;
pugs> grep { $_ }, 10 >>*<< @nums;
(10, 20, 40, 50, 80)

[download]

(I think that standard perl 6 would use 10 * << @nums instead, only the side where a dimension is folded gets the hyper op. But pugs is a bit out of date).

Likewise you can add or multiply arrays piecewise: 

pugs> <1 2 3> »+« <0 1 0>
(1.0, 3.0, 3.0)

[download]

( » is an alias for >>, « an alias for <<)

And, very powerful as well, the reduce operator: 

pugs> [+] <1 2 3> 
6.0

[download]

In reply to Re: mutliplying each element of a list by the same number by moritz
in thread mutliplying each element of a list by the same number by steph_bow

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