$ perl -E 'say grep {++$i %2} <a b c d e f g>'
aceg
$ perl -E 'say grep {$i++ %2} <a b c d e f g>'
bdf
They only nasty thing about this solution is that it requires a variable (here $i) in the outer scope
A working Perl 6 solution:
$ perl6 -e 'my @a = "a".."g"; say @a[0, *+2 ... +@a]'
aceg
An idiomatic Perl 6 solution (but not yet implemented in Rakudo):
@a[0, *+2 ... *]
Another working Perl 6 solution, which is a variation of the grep theme but without the need of an external variable:
say <a b c d e f g>.pairs.grep({.key !% 2})>>.value
(Updated: Added Perl 6 examples)
Perl 6 - links to (nearly) everything that is Perl 6.
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